The answer
Macrotask. setTimeout callbacks go to the macrotask queue. The event loop runs them only after the call stack is empty and all microtasks are done. This is why setTimeout runs after promise callbacks.
setTimeout, fetch, and Promises With the Event Loop in JavaScript
Is a setTimeout callback a microtask or macrotask in JavaScript?
More FAQs in setTimeout, fetch, and Promises With the Event Loop in JavaScript
Microtask. fetch returns a promise. The .then callback goes to the microtask queue. The event loop drains all microtasks before any macrotask, so fetch callbacks run before setTimeout callbacks.
Microtask. Promise.then, .catch, and .finally callbacks go to the microtask queue. The event loop drains all microtasks before any macrotask. This is why promises always run before setTimeout.
Sync code runs first on the call stack. Then all microtasks (promise callbacks, fetch .then). Then one macrotask (setTimeout callback). Then microtasks again. This repeats.
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