In order: measure with the Profiler, fix expensive renders with useMemo, stabilize prop references with useCallback, virtualize long lists, code split routes, debounce expensive inputs, analyze the bundle, and measure again to confirm each change helped.
Because optimization without measurement is guesswork. The Profiler tells you which components are slow or re-render too much, so you fix real bottlenecks instead of sprinkling memoization everywhere and hoping.
After the component-level optimizations. A bundle analyzer finds large dependencies and accidentally shared chunks, and sometimes the biggest win is removing or replacing a heavy library rather than optimizing components.
Because optimization is iterative. Some changes do not help and even hurt, since memoization itself costs something. Measuring again confirms whether each change actually improved performance, so you can keep or revert it.
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