The answer
Use let (creates a fresh binding per iteration), or an IIFE that passes the current value as a parameter (pass-by-value for primitives), or pass the value as an extra argument to setTimeout.
Closures Capture the Variable, Not the Value in JavaScript
How do you capture the value instead of the variable in a JavaScript closure?
More FAQs in Closures Capture the Variable, Not the Value in JavaScript
The variable. A closure holds a reference to the variable, not a snapshot of its value. If the variable changes before the callback runs, the closure sees the updated value. This is why var in a loop logs the final value.
Because they all close over the same variable i. Closures capture the variable, not the value. When the callbacks run, i is the final value, so all callbacks log it.
It captures a new parameter (j), which is a copy of the value (for primitives). The closure inside the IIFE closes over j, not the outer i. So even if i changes later, j holds the value at the time of the IIFE call.
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