The answer
Use PM2 monit, clinic.js for profiling, or Application Performance Monitoring like New Relic or Datadog. Watch event loop lag, response times, and error rates. If lag grows, something is blocking the event loop.
Express Server Performance Tips for Production
How do I monitor Express performance in production?
More FAQs in Express Server Performance Tips for Production
Use cluster or PM2, add compression middleware, cache with Redis, use DB connection pooling, keep handlers async, use Mongoose lean queries, add indexes in MongoDB, stream large responses, limit payload size, and use HTTP/2 with Nginx.
PM2 spawns one worker per CPU, restarts on crash, and lets you reload without downtime. It keeps the server alive and uses all available cores. PM2 is a small addition with big production payoff.
It skips hydrating full Mongoose documents and returns plain JS objects. Faster when you only need to send JSON to the client, since you skip building model instances and virtuals.
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